In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Functional Control Mode of UPFC 2. Operating Modes of UPFC 3. Control System. Functional Control Mode of UPFC: i. Shunt Controller: a. Reactive (VAR) control side b. Automatic voltage control mode ii. Series Convector: a. Direct voltage injection mode b. Line impedance compensation mode c. Bus voltage regulation and control mode d. [...]
For explaining the application of Gauss-Seidel method for power flow studies, let it be assumed that all buses other than the swing or slack bus are P-Q or load buses. At slack bus both V and δ are specified and they remain fixed throughout. There are (n – 1) buses where P and Q are given. Initially we assume the [...]
Gauss-iterative method is essentially a trial and error method and provides a sufficiently accurate numerical solution to power flow problem. The steps in solving the problem by this method are: 1. Guess the initial solution approximately. 2. This guessed solution is used in conjunction with the original equation to compute a new and more accurate estimate for the solution. 3. [...]
The fast decoupled power flow method is a very fast and efficient method of obtaining power flow problem solution. In this method, both, the speeds as well as the sparsity are exploited. This is actually an extension of Newton-Raphson method formulated in polar coordinates with certain approximations which result into a fast algorithm for power flow solution. This method exploits [...]
The power flow problem can also be solved by using Newton-Raphson method. In fact, among the numerous solution methods available for power flow analysis, the Newton-Raphson method is considered to be the most sophisticated and important. Many advantages are attributed to the Newton-Raphson (N-R) approach. Gauss-Seidel (G-S) is a simple iterative method of solving n number load flow equations by [...]