In this article we will discuss about the functions of electric multiple unit and metro railways.
Electric Multiple Unit (EMU):
An Electric Multiple unit or EMU is a multiple unit train powered by electricity. The cars that form a complete EMU set can usually be separated by function into these four types. Power car, Motor car, Driving car and Trailer car. Each car can have more than one function, such as Motor- Driving Car or Power-Driving Car.
A power car carries the necessary equipment to draw power from electrified infrastructure, such as shoes for third rail systems and pantograph for overhead lines systems, and transformer. A motor car carries the traction motor.
A driving car is similar to a cab car, containing a driver’s cab for controlling the train; an EMU consist of two driving cars, with one at each end of the train. A trailer car is any car that carries no traction or power related equipments, and is similar to a passenger car in locomotive hauled train.
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Electric multiple units are popular on commuter and suburban rail networks around the world due to their fast acceleration, pollution free operation and quietness. Being quicker EMUs can operate late at night and more frequently without disturbing residents living near the railway lines. In addition tunnel design for EMU trains is simpler as provisions do not need to be made for diesel Exhaust fumes. Moreover EMU’s are used for rapid transit lines.
Metro Railways:
Metro rails idea come due to extreme congestion on road, ever slowing speeds, increasing accidents rate, fuel wastage and environmental pollution. The arrival of metro Rail brings a new era of transportation. It is a fast convenient and safe way to travel between the two places. Metro rail also help to cut through congestion in heavily travelled areas. Moreover it is frequent service and large capacity of passenger can carry per trip.
Metro rails moves along the road just like other vehicles. The tracks are separated from the roadway by large raised white domes warning drivers to stay off the tracks. Metro rail is very quiet. In fact the trams are quicker than buses and most cars. While walking near the trains and tracks, it is important to stay alert and follow the safety ruler of metro Rail.
When travelling along the rail line, always stop, look and listen – trains travel in both directions. Obey all traffic and pedes train rings and signals and cross the track only at designated crossings.
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Delhi Metro, operational is seen as a model for other metro systems in India. The Delhi Metro was opened on December 24, 2002. It becomes the second underground rapid transit system in India, after the one in operation in Kolkata. Unlike the Kolkata Metro, however, the Delhi Metro has a combination of elevated, at grade and underground lines.
Trains operating within the network typically travel at speeds below 80 Km/hr, or 50 miles/hr, and stop about 20 seconds at each station. The track gauge (broad gauge) is 1676 mm (5 ft 6 in). As of 2007, the metro system has a total network length of 65 Km, with 59 stations on 3 separate lines (13 underground, 45 elevated and 1 at-grade station.
Phase 1 of network comprise 65.11 Km of route length with 13.01 Km. Underground called Metro corridor and 52.10 Km surface/elevated called Rail Corridor.
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Phase II of the network comprises 121 Km of route length and 79 stations, and is presently under construction; with a target completion date of 2010.
Benefits of Metro Rails:
1. Time saving for commuters.
2. Reliable and safe Journey.
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3. Reduction is atmospheric pollution.
4. Reduction in accidents.
5. Reduced fuel consumption
6. Reduced vehicle operating costs.
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7. Improvement in the quality of life.