Expansion and Compression of a Gas: Isothermal, Adiabatic or Isentropic Process (With Equation)!
When a gas flows in a conduit pressure variations bring about expansions and contractions. Such expansions or contractions of a gas between two points may be brought about by any of the following processes, namely – 1. Isothermal Process 2. Adiabatic or Isentropic Process.
1. Isothermal Process:
This is a process in which a gas expands or contracts, without any change in temperature.
If p1 and Vs1 are the pressure intensity and specific volume initially, and if p2 and Vs2 are the pressure intensity and specific volume finally, then in the isothermal change.
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p1Vs1 = p2Vs1
There will be no change in the internal energy since there is no change of temperature in the process. i.e., in this condition I1 = I2 and I2 – I1 = 0
We know, by the first law of thermodynamics,
Heat absorbed by the gas-
2. Adiabatic or Isentropic Process:
This is a process in which a gas expands or contracts without giving out or absorbing heat i.e. in this case,
