Safety Rules for Accident Prevention | Industries | Engineering

In this article we will discuss about the general safety rules for accident prevention in industries.

1. Before working on any machinery or equipment one should know about the following:

(a) Where are its starting and stopping control?

(b) How to operate?

(c) What are the precautions for safe operation?

(d) What personal protective equipment is to be used while working on this machine?

2. While working on any machinery or equipment, if there are any doubts, supervisor must be consulted and doubts got cleared.

3. Personal protective equipment (goggles for eye protection, helmet for head protection, gloves for hand protection, apron for body etc.) must be used as per instructions.

4. Work area must be kept clean. Oil must not be spilled on the floor.

5. Unsafe working condition must be eliminated .

6. Before working on any equipment one must have a permit for it and be sure that the line has been isolated.

7. There should be no horse play on shop floor. Never tease other workers or distract the attention of fellow workers.

8. After completing a job, never leave tools lying about. Tools must be kept in their proper place, otherwise they may cause injury to your fellow workers.

9. One must not leave his work place to roam about in other sections, because he may not know about the haz­ards there and may not be having proper personal protective equipment to be used in these sections.

10. Never try to rest or lie down at the work place.

11. Read, understand and follow the safety posters and slogans displayed at different locations in the plant.

12. Avoid make-shift arrangements.

13. Compressed air is very dangerous and should not be used to cool or remove dirt from body as it may hurt.

14. Never remove machine guards, they are for pro­tection. Do not try to make the guard in-operative. If any guard is causing hinderance, get it rectified.

15. Give your suggestions for accident prevention and contact safety incharge for safety problems.

16. Never stack anything in front of fire extinguishers otherwise it will be difficult to reach them in an emergency. One should know how to use them.

17. When one has to work at high elevations a safety belt with life rope attached to a secure position must be worn.

Safety Instructions for Operators and Riggers:

1. When lifting any load you must know the safe working load of the lifting equipment. Never lift excessive load than the marked SWL (safe working load) capacity.

2. The loading hook should be in the centre of the load to be lifted. Never drag the load with the help of the crane/lifting equipment to bring it under the loading hook.

3. When a load is being lifted only one man should give signals which should be followed by the crane operator attentively.

4. Before lifting a load, make sure that there are no kinks in chain or in wire rope of the crane or the sling being used. Never lift the load with a sudden jerk.

5. When lifting a load with chain pulley block you should also see that the anchor point can withstand the load being lifted. There are chances that the anchorage may not be strong enough to withstand the load up to the lifting capacity of the chain pulley block being used.

6. The crane operators should:

(a) Never use a crane which is under repairs.

(b) Check all the controls before starting the work.

(c) Never use more than two controls at a time.

(d) Check before moving that slinging is alright by lift­ing the load about a foot from ground.

(e) Never leave any work piece or tool lying on the crane or trolley while moving load from one place to another.

(f) Never allow any joy riders either on crane or on slings and load.

7. Never stand under the load being lifted.

Safety Instructions for Electric and Gas Welders:

1. Always close the cylinder valve while carrying from one place to another.

2. In case of leakage from gas cylinder immediately inform the foreman and use a mask while handling a leak­ing cylinder.

3. Keep the cylinder away from naked flame and never lubricate its valve or other fittings.

4. For lighting the welding torch flame do not use a match stick, always light with a friction lighter.

5. While welding you must use goggles, hand shield, head protection, body and feet protection against sparks etc.

6. As far as possible use a side screen for welding so that the eyes of other workers are not affected. Welder’s helper should also use the same protective equipment as being used by the welder.

7. The electric welders should not make loose con­nections for supply to transformers. Electricity supply line must be connected by the electrician only at the work place.

8. Never leave the earth connection unconnected.

Safety Instructions for Manual Lifting, Stacking and Carrying:

1. Never lift a load beyond capacity, ask for help.

2. When lifting pointed articles always wear gloves.

3. Before lifting a load, see for surroundings that there are no obstacles in way by which you have to carry the load.

4. Never bend your back while lifting a load and keep the load closer to your body. When lifting the load, place your right foot forward by the side of load to be lifted, bend your legs at knees, keep the back straight, chin up and lift with the muscles of your arms and legs with a firm grip. Never put strain on your back by bending.

5. While carrying a long rod or ladder etc. you should always keep the farther end of the rod upwards so that it may not hit some other workers.

6. While carrying a load in a trolley:

(a) Never overload the trolley.

(b) Never load it so high that you cannot see the path way for obstacles or where you are carrying it.

(c) Always push the trolley instead of pulling it.

(d) On a slope, take the help from others, if you can­not control it.

7. Always place the load on a level ground and in the required location.

8. If the ground is not level place the load on wooden planks etc. and check that the stack will not fall down.

9. While stacking, stack up to safe height so that it does not fall. Break the lines in stacking similar shaped ar­ticles as is done in case of making walls with bricks.

10. When stacking round objects, always place stop­pers at ends in lowest position so that these cannot move outwards.

Safety Instructions for Use of Hand Tools:

1. Always use the correct tool required for each job.

2. Do not use a hammer, file, screw driver etc. with a broken, slippery or loose handle. Replace such handles and then only use.

3. Tools with broken or mush roomed heads should not be used. These should be dressed or if cannot be rectified should be discarded.

4. Worn out or opened out spanners may slip, never use them. Spanners of proper size should be used for each job. Never use a spanner with a packing or a leverage.

5. While using wrenches, apply pulling effort, never push it.

6. Never adopt wrong uses of hand tools e.g.:

(a) Using a spanner in place of a hammer.

(b) Using a plier in place of a spanner.

(c) Using a chisel in place of a screw driver.

(d) Using a screw driver for opening boxes.

Such practices damage the tools and also cause accidents.

7. While using portable power tools, check for broken plugs, worn out or loose cords, earthing connections etc. If defective, get it rectified and then only use it.

Precautions against Fire:

1. Never smoke inside the plant and at places where smoking is prohibited.

2. Do not throw cigarette and bidi ends here and there. Do not throw burning tips in waste basket. Put them out and then throw.

3. In case fire contact fire control room.

4. Fire extinguishers have been placed at different locations, understand their usage from concerned man and use in case of fire.

5. Never use water in case of an electrical fire, use CO₂ or dry chemical powder.

6. In case of oil fire, use foam type extinguishers and for paper or rags fire use water type extinguishers.

7. Firemen should use proper personal protective equipment while fighting fires e.g. helmets, fire resistant clothing, boots, gloves, respiratory protection etc.

8. Ladders used by firemen should have non-skid shoes.

First Aid Instructions:

1. In case of an injury, get first aid immediately. If the injured worker cannot move himself, telephone for ambulance.

2. Do not leave even small cuts uncovered, get them bandaged otherwise danger of aggravation is there.

3. In case of electric shock:

(a) Immediately switch off power supply.

(b) Remove the worker away by holding his clothes etc.

(c) Telephone for ambulance if the man is unconscious. In the mean-time first aid trained worker should try to re­vive him by artificial respiration and check for burns if any.

4. Never collect around injured worker, let him breathe in fresh air till ambulance arrives.

5. For burn injuries wash the wound with running cold water.

6. First aid boxes are available at different locations, get first aid from a trained worker only.