How to Book Field-Notes | Chain Surveying | Surveying

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(i) Booking is commenced at the bottom of the page and worked upwards and carried continuously through the successive pages so that while writing, the centre line of the book and the chain on the ground correspond with the Surveyor’s own direction.

(ii) The number or name of the line and the name of the station from where the line starts are written at the commencement of each line.

(iii) All distances along the chain line (changes) are entered in the central column.

(iv) The objects offsetted are sketched with conventional signs towards right or left of the central column according as they are on the right or left of the chain line on the ground. The sketches need not be to the scale but must be drawn proportionately and the names of the objects are written along them. Figures denoting the dimensions of the details of the objects are included between the arrow-heads.

(v) Offset measurements are written close to the points offsetted and exactly opposite to and in line with the changes from which they are taken.

(vi) Sufficient space is allowed between rows of booking along or across the page to avoid congestion. About 1 ½ cm space is left between the two entries in the central column.

(vii) When any features such as a road, fence, hedge or a wall etc. crosses the chain line, changes of the point of intersection is entered in the central column and direction of the feature sketched. The line representing the feature is not carried across the central column, but it is drawn meeting the column.

To continue it on the other side of the column, a line parallel to its direction is drawn from a point directly opposite on the other side of the column as shown in Fig. 3.18 (a) at changes 74.0 and 79.0.

(viii) A symbol ∆ is used to denote a main station in the field-book. The zero changes at the commencement and the closing changes at the end of a line are written inside the symbol. The name of the station is written close to the symbol.

Tie or subsidiary stations are indicated by circles or ovals round their changes.

(ix) The directions of the survey lines starting off or ending at any of main or tie stations are clearly shown with their names or numbers.

(x) At the commencement of the tie or check line in the field-book, the position of the tie station is described e.g. tie station (T₃) on AC at 30 m from A. Similarly it is described at the finish of the line.

The following points should be kept in view while booking the field-notes:

(i) It is one of the most important survey records. It should be carefully and neatly written up with a good quality pencil.

(ii) Each chain line should be started on a fresh page.

(iii) The surveyor should always face the ‘direction of chaining while booking.

(iv) The notes should be complete. Nothing should be left to memory,

(v) The notes should be clear, neat and accurate. Over-writing and erasing should be avoided. When a correction is to be made, the figures should be neatly crossed over and fresh entry made above it and the correction initialled and dated. If however, the entire page is to be discarded, it should be marked ‘cancelled’ and a reference to the other page on which the correct notes are written should be made on this page.

(vi) Explanatory notes and reference sketches of important objects should be drawn on separate page.

(vii) Each survey must indicate the following:

(a) Name of Survey.

(b) Site of Survey.

(c) Dates of commencement and completion.

(d) The length of chain used and whether tested or not.

(e) The rough sketch of the area to be surveyed showing north direction, proposed station-points, main and tie lines etc.

(J) Line diagram showing the skeleton of survey and the page index.

(g) Magnetic bearing of at least one line together with the amount of declination at the time of survey.