The various considerations involved in the design of screens and screen channels are as follows: 1. Velocity of Flow: The velocity of flow ahead of and through a screen varies materially and affects its operation. The lower the velocity of flow through the screen, the greater is the amount of screenings that would be removed from sewage. However, the lower [...]
The various considerations involved in the design of grit chambers are as follows: 1. Settling Velocity 2. Surface Overflow Rate (SOR) 3. Detention Period 4. Bottom Scour and Flow through Velocity 5. Velocity Control Devices 6. Number of Units 7. Dimensions of Each Unit 8. Loss of Head. 1. Settling Velocity: Grit chamber may be designed on a rational basis [...]
While designing the inverted siphon the following points should be considered: (1) Construction of inverted siphon should be simple. (2) Changes of direction in inverted siphons should be easy and gradual. (3) For trouble free working self-cleansing velocities should be provided in the siphon. The velocity in siphon should not be generally less than 1 m/s. (4) To ensure self-cleansing [...]
The following points highlight the three main types of storm water regulators. The types are: 1. Side Flow Weirs or Overflow Weirs 2. Leaping Weirs or Jumping Weirs 3. Siphon Spillways. Type # 1. Side Flow Weirs or Overflow Weirs: A side flow weir or overflow weir is provided along one or both sides of the sewer channel constructed in [...]
In this article we will discuss about the design of inverted siphon with the help of a suitable diagram. During laying of sewer lies in a town, at some places, the hydraulic gradient line falls above the ground surface. If there is more depression in the ground and the area is undeveloped or cultivated, sewer line can be laid above [...]
In this article we will discuss about the design of flushing tanks with the help of a suitable diagram. When the gradients of the sewers are flat and the velocity of sewage is very low, the suspended matter of sewage starts settling in the bed of the sewer and causes clogging of sewer lines. At such places where self- cleaning [...]
Storm relief works are of the following three types: 1. Storm Water Overflow 2. Siphon Spillways 3. Jumping Weirs (or Leaping Weir). Type # 1. Storm Water Overflow: These are very common devices, which are used in storm water relief works. It essentially consists of a masonry chamber having one overflow weir. The extra quantity of sewage from main sewer [...]