Chaining on Sloping Ground: Direct and Indirect Methods | Surveying
In surveying, for the purpose of plotting, only horizontal distances are required. If the ground is sloping, the horizontal distances are obtained either directly or indirectly. If the slope of the country is upto 3°, it is generally taken as level ground. The direct and indirect methods of finding horizontal distances on sloping ground are given below: 1. Direct Method [...]