Classification or Types of Notches and Weirs in Fluid Mechanics. A notch means an opening provided in the side of a tank, such that the opening extends even above the free surface of the liquid in the tank. It is in a way, a large orifice having no upper edge. A notch is generally meant to measure the flow of [...]
Flow through Pipes in Series and Parallel: Difference Diameters, Equations and Solved Problems! Pipe in Series: Pipes are said to be in series if they are connected end to end (in continuation with each other) so that the fluid flows in a continuous line without any branching. The volume rate of flow through the pipes in series is the same [...]
Rise in Pressure of Water Flowing in a Pipe: Diameter, Flow Rate, Chart Effects, Relation and Velocity . In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Pressure Rise due to Valve Closure - Water Hammer 2. Pressure Rise due to Gradual Valve Closure (Rigid Column Theory) 3. Instantaneous Valve Closure — Elastic Water Column Theory 4. Pressure Rise due to [...]
Hydraulic Jump: Formula, Rectangular, Triangular Channel and Table! The Hydraulic Jump or Standing Wave: We know that for a given discharge per unit width of a channel, for a given value of the specific energy head E there can be two possible depths of flow d1 and d2. For instance corresponding to specific energy head E = OG [Fig. 14.82], [...]
The different methods available for measuring water in open channels may be grouped as: 1. Velocity-area methods, and 2. Direct discharge methods. 1. Velocity-Area Methods: In these methods the velocity of flow in the channel is measured by some means and the discharge is calculated from the velocity and the area of cross-section by using Q=AV. The common methods for [...]
Several methods are available for measuring flow in pipes. Only a few of them which can be used on the farm are discussed here: 1. Volumetric Measurements: Flow measurements by this method are made by measuring the time required for the flow to fill a container of known volume. Volume divided by time is equal to the rate of flow. [...]
In this article we will discuss about the velocity of flow in sewers. Minimum Velocity of Flow in Sewers - Self Cleansing Velocity: A sewer should be so designed that the solid matter present in the sewage is not deposited at the bottom of the sewer and thus clogging of the sewer is prevented. The deposition of the solid matter [...]