The forging processes may be classified into following types: 1. Open Die Forging 2. Closed Die Forging 3. Impression Die Forging 4. Upsetting and Swaging 5. Rotary Swaging. 1. Open Die Forging: In open die forging, the work piece is deformed between two flat or simple-curved dies. There is free flow of material in the lateral direction. The only hindrance [...]
In this article we will discuss about how to analyze compression of circular disc in forging operations of metals. Equilibrium Equation with Slab Method: In this method it is assumed that plane sections remain plane during compression and any non-uniformity in deformation is neglected. Also it is assumed that the material is rigid perfectly plastic and effects of strain hardening [...]
Many researchers have made use of Upper-bound theorem for solution of forging, extrusion, wire and tube drawing etc. In forging alone there are a large number of papers. It is not possible to describe all of them, it is rather difficult even to give references of all of them. Here we mention a few fundamental ones only. Avitzur has given [...]