In this article we will discuss about the opencast mining (quarrying):- 1. What is Opencast Mining? 2. Methods of Quarrying 3. Quarriable Limit 4. Formation of Benches 5. Manual Opencast Working in Coal 6. Removal of Overburden 7. Extraction of Coal 8. Advantages 9. Disadvantages. Contents: What is Opencast Mining? Methods of Quarrying Quarriable Limit Formation of Benches Manual Opencast [...]
List of equipment used in opencast coal mining are: 1. Bulldozer 2. Craper 3. Ripper 4. Tractor Shovel 5. Dipper Shovel 6. Stripper Shovel 7. Pull Shovel or Hoe 8. Dumpers or Tippers 9. Drag Line 10. Road Grader 11. Rock Drills. Opencast mining is the oldest method of excavating minerals but the mining operations have been mechanised by the [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Selecting Site of an Incline or Pit 2. Shape, Size and Number of Shafts 3. Depth 4. Shaft Pillar. Site Selection of an Incline or Pit: A number of factors have to be considered before selecting the site of a shaft or incline. In mountainous regions, inclines and shafts should be always [...]
Read this article to learn about the blasting techniques adopted in underground and opencast mines. Blasting Techniques Adopted in Underground Mines: Drilling Patterns in Stone: Drilling patterns, also called shot-hole patterns, are named after the type of cut holes used and the principal patterns are: (1) Pyramid cut or cone cut (2) Wedge cut (3) Drage cut (4) Fan cut [...]
In this article we will discuss about the explosives used in mining:- 1. Introduction to Explosives 2. Properties of Explosives 3. Transport and Storage 4. Destruction and 5. Types of Explosives. Introduction to Explosives used in Mining: Explosives are used in underground mines and quarries to break coal and other rocks. An explosive is a solid or a liquid substance [...]
In this article we will discuss about the equipment used in underground mining. The equipments are: 1. Safety Fuse 2. Detonating Fuse 3. Nonel 4. Raydet 5. Detonating Relays 6. Cord Relays 7. Circuit Tester 8. Crimper 9. Shot Firing Cables 10. Exploder 11. Magneto (or Dynamo) Exploder 12. Battery Condenser Exploder 13. Condenser Dynamo Exploder. Equipment # 1. Safety [...]
Read this article to learn about the types of mine supports. The types are: 1. Timber 2. Iron & Steel. Type # 1. Timber as Mine Support: Timber is the most commonly used material for support in a mine as it is cheap and easily available. Dry and seasoned sal (Hindi-Sakhwa) props and bars are used in some parts of [...]
In this article we will discuss about the depillaring:- 1. Introduction to Depillaring 2. Preparatory Arrangement before Depillaring 3. Depillaring By Caving (Method) 4. Depillaring of Contiguous Seams 5. Behaviour of Roof and Its Control during Depillaring 6. Precautions against Fire During and After Depillaring 7. Precautions against Inundation during Depillaring and 8. Pillar Extraction Method. Contents: Introduction to Depillaring [...]
Compilation of exam questions we got on mining technology for civil engineering students. Exam Question # 1. What are the types of detonators used in mining? Ans. High explosives are initiated by detonators or detonating fuses. A detonator is a small copper or aluminium tube containing essentially a small auxiliary charge of special explosive. A chemical reaction initiated by a [...]
In this article we will discuss about the types of drilling methods used in mining. The types are: 1. Percussive Drilling 2. Rotary Drilling. Method # 1. Percussive Drilling: In this method which is the oldest one of drilling, the hole is drilled by striking a number at short in intervals on the rock by a chisel-type tool and between [...]